A hydraulic piston motor consists of a central shaft and multiple plungers arranged around it. These plungers contact an eccentric cam or swash plate, which converts the reciprocating motion of the plunger into rotational motion. The plunger transfers force to the output shaft, causing it to rotate.

Hydraulic orbital motors use an internal gear set to convert hydraulic pressure into rotational motion. The motor’s output shaft has lobes or rollers that mesh with internal gears, creating rotation as hydraulic fluid enters and leaves the motor’s chamber.

Features of hydraulic piston motor:

1. High torque and high efficiency.
2. Smooth operation and low vibration.
3. The speed range is usually lower compared to hydraulic orbital motors.
4. Typically more expensive than hydraulic orbital motors.

Features of hydraulic cycloidal motor:

1. Lower torque and power density compared to hydraulic piston motors.
2. Has a higher speed range and rpm capability.
3. Cost-effective and relatively simple design.
4. More sensitive to external back pressure.